When information is quoted, paraphrased, or summarized, the source of that information must be documented and acknowledged.
Various standards have been created for citing sources in different disciplines such as AMA (American Medical Association) and CSE (Council of Science Editors). Please note that standards for citing electronic information are still evolving, and many print and electronic style guides may appear to be inconsistent in their instructions.
Your professor may have specified which format you should follow; if not, choose one style to follow, and use that style consistently throughout your paper.
Note: is a web-based citation management tool you can use to create and format bibliographies. Also formats citations in Word documents.
UPEI Academic Integrity Tutorial https://library.upei.ca/academic-integrity-tutorial
US Dept Health & Human Services Office of Research Integrity Avoiding Plagiarism, Self-Plagiarism and other Questionable Writing Practices: A Guide to Ethical Writing https://ori.hhs.gov/avoiding-plagiarism-self-plagiarism-and-other-questionable-writing-practices-guide-ethical-writing
Selected citation guides for Veterinary Medicine
American Medical Association Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th ed.)
Reference Collection: REF R119.A533 2007
Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers 2nd edition
Published by the US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, this guide contains chapters on published, unpublished, AV, and web resources, as well as a variety of appendixes, including sources for journal title abbreviations.
Scientific Style and Format: the CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers
This manual from the Council of Science Editors contains scientific publication style and format guidelines for journals, books, and other publications.
Information Desk QH304.C33 2006
ICMJE Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (formerly Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (Vancouver Style) Instructions from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors on preparing manuscripts for submission to the participating journals.
The following resources may also be of interest
Communication Skills for the Biosciences: A Graduate Guide
Chapters include an introduction to the scientific literature, conducting literature searches, writing a literature review, research proposal, research paper, abstract, thesis, oral presentations, and research poster.
Stacks: R119.D58 2009
Mastering Scientific and Medical Writing: A Self-Help Guide
E-book 2007
Scientific Writing and Communication: Papers, Proposals, and Presentations 2nd edition
Stacks: Q223.H63 2014
Successful Scientific Writing: A Step-by-Step Guide for the Biological and Medical Sciences 3rd edition
This guide covers all stages of writing, from first to final draft, including literature searches, using the word processor efficiently, writing, revising, using tables and graphs, grammar and punctuation.
Stacks: R119.M28 2014
Writing Scientific Research Articles: Strategy and Steps 2nd edition
E-book 2013
Compiled by: Dawn Hooper, B.Sc., M.L.S.
Former Liaison Librarian for AVC
Date Revised: 2-September-2016